48+ Kumpulan Soal TOEFL 2C Sederajat dengan Kunci Jawaban
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48+ Soal TOEFL 2C | Soal Toefl dan Pembahasan 2022/2023 Lengkap
1. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
With which of the following is the passage primarily concerned?
a. (A) Migration from Siberia to Alaska
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) Techniques used to hunt mammoths
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) The prehistory of humans
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) The relationship between man and mammoth in the New World
[Jawaban Benar]
2. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
The word "implements" in line 6 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) tools
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) ornaments
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) houses
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) carvings
[Jawaban Salah]
3. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
The phrase "these early migrants" in line 10 refers to …
a. (A) mammoths
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) humans
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) dogs
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) mastodons
[Jawaban Salah]
4. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
Where were the imperial mammoths the dominant type of mammoth?
a. (A) In Alaska
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) In the central portion of North America
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) In the southern part of North America
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) In South America
[Jawaban Salah]
5. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
It can be inferred that when humans crossed into the New World, they …
a. (A) had previously hunted mammoths in Siberia
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) had never seen mammoths before
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) brought mammoths with them from the Old World
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) soon learned to use dogs to hunt mammoths
[Jawaban Salah]
6. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
Which of the following could best substitute for the word "remains" in line 31?
a. (A) Bones
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) Drawings
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) Footprints
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) Spear points
[Jawaban Salah]
7. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
The word "seemingly" in line 40 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) tremendously
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) apparently
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) formerly
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) obviously
[Jawaban Salah]
8. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
The passage supports which of the following conclusions about mammoths?
a. (A) Humans hunted them to extinction.
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) The freezing temperatures of the Ice Age destroyed their food supply.
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) The cause of their extinction is not definitely known.
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) Competition with mastodons caused them to become extinct.
[Jawaban Salah]
9. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
The word "cunning" in line 44 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) clever
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) determined
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) efficient
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) cautious
[Jawaban Salah]
10. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
Which of the following is NOT true about prehistoric humans at the time of the mammoths' extinction?
a. (A) They were relatively few in number.
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) They knew how to use bows and arrows.
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) They were concentrated in a small area.
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) They were skilled hunters.
[Jawaban Salah]
11. Select the best answers: A, B, C, or D for these following questions below.
Questions 1-11
(1) The time when humans crossed the Arctic land bridge from Siberia to Alaska seems remote to us today, but actually represents a
(5) late stage in prehistory of humans, an era when polished stone implements and bows and arrows were already being used, and dogs had already been domesticated.
(10) When these early migrants arrived in North America, they found the woods and plains dominated by three types of American mammoths. These elephants were distinguished
(15) from today's elephants mainly by their thick, shaggy coats and their huge, upward-curving tusks. They had arrived on the continent hundreds of thousands of
(20) years before their human followers. The wooly mammoth in the North, the Columbian mammoth in middle North America, and the imperial mammoth of the South, together
(25) with their distant cousins the mastodons, dominated the land. Here, as in the Old World, there is evidence that humans hunted these elephants, as shown by the
(30) numerous spear points found with mammoth remains.
Then, at the end of the Ice Age, when the last glaciers had retreated, there was a relatively sudden and
(35) widespread extinction of elephants. In the New World, both mammoths and mastodons disappeared. In the Old World, only Indian and African elephants survived.
(40) Why did the huge, seemingly successful mammoths disappear? Were humans connected with their extinction? Perhaps, but at that time, although they were cunning
(45) hunters, humans were still widely scattered and not very numerous. It is difficult to see how they could have prevailed over the mammoth to such an extent.
Which of the following types of elephants does the author discuss in the most detail in the passage?
a. (A) The mastodon
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) The mammoth
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) The Indian elephant
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) The African elephant
[Jawaban Salah]
12. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
What is the main topic of this passage?
a. (A) The early history of jazz
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) The music of World War I
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) The relationship of melody and rhythm in jazz
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) The New York recording industry in the 1920's
[Jawaban Salah]
13. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
The word "idiom" in line 3 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) slang
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) tempo
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) tune
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) style
[Jawaban Benar]
14. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
The musicians who made the earliest jazz recordings were originally from …
a. (A) New Orleans
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) Chicago
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) New York
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) Mississippi
[Jawaban Salah]
15. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
When was the first important recording by black jazz musicians made?
a. (A) In 1917
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) In 1923
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) In the late 1920's
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) In the early 1930's
[Jawaban Salah]
16. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
According to the passage, Louis Armstrong was a member of which of the following?
a. (A) The Original Dixieland Band
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) Fate Marable's riverboat band
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) The Wolverines
[Jawaban Salah]
17. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
The word "steady" in line 30 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) constant
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) basic
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) urgent
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) happy
[Jawaban Salah]
18. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
According to the passage, which of the following instruments helped provide the beat for Dixieland jazz?
a. (A) The cornet
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) The piano
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) The trombone
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) The clarinet
[Jawaban Salah]
19. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
Duke Ellington is given as an example of a bandleader who …
a. (A) could not read music
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) did not value improvisation
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) discouraged solo performances
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) used written arrangements
[Jawaban Benar]
20. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
Which of the following phrases would be LEAST likely to be applied to Dixieland jazz?
a. (A) Relatively complex
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) Highly improvisational
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) Rhythmic and melodic
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) Carefully planned
[Jawaban Benar]
21. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
According to the passage, who were the Wolverines?
a. (A) A band that played in large dance halls
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) A New York group
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) A Swing band
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) A small group
[Jawaban Benar]
22. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
The author provides the most detailed description of early jazz music in the …
a. (A) first paragraph
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) second paragraph
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) third paragraph
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) fourth paragraph
[Jawaban Salah]
23. Questions 12-23
(1) Just before and during World War I, a number of white musicians came to Chicago from New Orleans playing in an idiom they had learned from
(5) blacks in that city. Five of them formed what eventually became known as the Original Dixieland Band. They moved to New York in 1917 and won fame there. That year they
(10) recorded the first phonograph record identified as jazz.
The first important recording by black musicians was made in Chicago in 1923 by King Oliver's Creole Jazz
(15) Band, a group that featured some of the foremost jazz musicians of the time, including trumpet player Louis Armstrong. Armstrong's dynamic trumpet style became famous
(20) worldwide. Other band members had played in Fate Marable's band, which traveled up and down the Mississippi River entertaining passengers on riverboats.
(25) The characteristics of this early type of jazz, known as Dixieland jazz, included a complex interweaving of melodic lines among the cornet or trumpet, clarinet, and trombone, and
(30) a steady chomp-chomp beat provided by the rhythm section, which included the piano, bass, and drums. Most bands used no written notations, preferring arrangements
(35) agreed on verbally.
Improvisation was an indispensable element. Even bandleaders such as Duke Ellington, who provided his musicians with written
(40) arrangements, permitted them plenty to freedom to improvise when playing solos.
In the late 1920's, the most influential jazz artists in Chicago
(45) were members of small bands such as the Wolverines. In New York, the trend was toward larger groups. These groups played in revues, large dance halls, and theaters. Bands
(50) would become larger still during the next age of jazz, the Swing era.
The paragraph following this one most likely deals with …
a. (A) the music of small bands
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) the Swing era
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) music that influenced Dixieland Jazz
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) other forms of music popular in the 1920's
[Jawaban Salah]
24. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
The word "astounding" in line 2 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) startling
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) disappointing
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) dubious
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) alternative
[Jawaban Salah]
25. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
The three streets mentioned in this passage are different in that …
a. (A) they are in different cities
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) the residents are of different ethnic backgrounds
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) they have varying amounts of traffic
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) the income levels of the residents vary considerably
[Jawaban Salah]
26. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
Approximately how many cars use Franklin Street daily?
a. (A) 2,000
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) 8,000
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) 16,000
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) 20,000
[Jawaban Salah]
27. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
All of the following are direct results of heavy traffic EXCEPT …
a. (A) increased amounts of trash
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) greater danger to residents
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) more pollution
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) more vibrations
[Jawaban Salah]
28. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
The author's main purpose in the second paragraph is to …
a. (A) discuss the problems of trash disposal
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) point out the disadvantages of heavy traffic
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) propose an alternate system of transportation
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) suggest ways to cope with traffic problems
[Jawaban Salah]
29. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
On which street is there the most social interaction?
a. (A) Octavia Street
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) Gough Street
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) Franklin Street
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) There is no significant social interaction on any of the three streets
[Jawaban Salah]
30. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
The word "chatted" in line 41 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) joked
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) talked
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) argued
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) walked
[Jawaban Salah]
31. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
Which of the following is NOT a statement you would expect from a resident of Gough Street?
a. (A) People on this street are unhappy because the neighborhood is deteriorating.
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) People on this street think mostly of themselves.
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) People on this street have more and more space for which they feel responsible.
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) A number of people are preparing to leave this street.
[Jawaban Salah]
32. Questions 24-32
(1) A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the astounding discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area
(5) affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and
(10) had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethnic mix. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street
(15) (LIGHT street, in Appleyard's terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) was used by 8,000 cars daily, and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16,000
(20) cars a day. Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day.
Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and
(25) trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn't bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of
(30) territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their
(35) time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.
Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up
(40) trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.
(45) On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own
(50) lives. A number of families had recently moved, and more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.
In what order does the author present detailed discussions of the three streets?
a. (A) LIGHT, MEDIUM, HEAVY
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) HEAVY, MEDIUM, LIGHT
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) HEAVY, LIGHT, MEDIUM
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) LIGHT, HEAVY, MEDIUM
[Jawaban Salah]
33. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
The passage mainly discusses Rachel Carson's work …
a. (A) as a researcher
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) at college
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) as a writer
[Jawaban Benar]
34. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
According to the passage, what did Carson primarily study at Johns Hopkins University?
a. (A) Oceanography
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) History
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) Literature
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) Zoology
[Jawaban Benar]
35. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
When she published her first book, Carson was closest to the age of …
a. (A) 26
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) 29
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) 34
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) 45
[Jawaban Salah]
36. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
It can be inferred from the passage that in 1952, Carson's book Under the Sea Wind …
a. (A) was outdated
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) became more popular than her other books
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) was praised by critics
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) sold many copies
[Jawaban Benar]
37. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a source of information for The Sea Around Us?
a. (A) Printed matter
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) Talks with experts
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) A research expedition
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) Letters from scientists
[Jawaban Salah]
38. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
Which of the following words or phrases is LEAST accurate in describing The Sea Around Us?
a. (A) Highly technical
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) Poetic
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) Fascinating
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) Well-researched
[Jawaban Salah]
39. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
The word "reckless" in line 32 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) unnecessary
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) limited
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) continuous
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) irresponsible
[Jawaban Benar]
40. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
According to the passage, Silent Spring is primarily …
a. (A) an attack on the use of chemical preservatives in food
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) a discussion of the hazards insects pose to the food supply
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) a warning about the dangers of misusing insecticides
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) an illustration of the benefits of the chemical industry
[Jawaban Salah]
41. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
The word "flawed" in line 40 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) faulty
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) deceptive
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) logical
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) offensive
[Jawaban Salah]
42. Questions 33-42
(1) Rachel Carson was born in 1907 in Springsdale, Pennsylvania. She studied biology at college, and zoology at Johns Hopkins University,
(5) where she received her master's degree in 1933. In 1936, she was hired by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, where she worked most of her life.
(10) Carson's first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941. It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952. In that year she published The
(15) Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean's surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology. Her imagery and language
(20) had a poetic quality. Carson consulted no fewer than 1,000 printed sources. She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field.
(25) However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers.
In 1962 Carson published Silent Spring, a book that sparked
(30) considerable controversy. It proved how much harm was done by the uncontrolled, reckless use of insecticides. She detailed how they poison the food supply of animals,
(35) kill birds and fish, and contaminate human food. At the time, spokesmen for the chemical industry mounted personal attacks against Carson and issued propaganda to indicate that
(40) her findings were flawed. However, her work was vindicated by a 1963 report of the President's Science Advisory Committee.
Why does the author of the passage mention the report of the President's Science Advisory Committee (lines 41-42)?
a. (A) To provide an example of government propaganda
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) To support Carson's ideas
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) To indicate a growing government concern with the environment
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) To validate the chemical industry's claims
[Jawaban Salah]
43. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage?
a. (A) To explain the concept of labor
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) To criticize certain uses of capital
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) To contrast capital goods and consumer goods
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) To define economic resources
[Jawaban Benar]
44. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
In lines 5-6, the author uses the expression "This obviously covers a lot of ground ..." to indicate that …
a. (A) the factories and farms discussed in the passage are very large
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) economic resources will be discussed in great depth
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) the topic of economic resources is a broad one
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) land is an important concept in economics
[Jawaban Salah]
45. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
When non-economists use the term "land," its definition …
a. (A) is much more general than when economists use it
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) is much more restrictive than when economists use it
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) changes from place to place
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) includes all types of natural resources
[Jawaban Salah]
46. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
The word "arable" in line 20 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) dry
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) fertile
[Jawaban Benar]
c. (C) developed
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) open
[Jawaban Salah]
47. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
The phrase "the latter" in line 27 refers to …
a. (A) economists
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) non-economists
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) capital goods
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) consumer goods
[Jawaban Benar]
48. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
Which of the following could be considered a capital good as defined in the passage?
a. (A) A railroad
[Jawaban Benar]
b. (B) Money
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) A coal deposit
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) Human skills
[Jawaban Salah]
49. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
The word "heading" in line 45 is closest in meaning to …
a. (A) direction
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) practice
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) category
[Jawaban Benar]
d. (D) utility
[Jawaban Salah]
50. Questions 43-50
(1) What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production
(5) of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural
(10) resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources-land and capitaland human resources-labor and
(15) entrepreneurial skills.
What do economists mean by land? Much more than the non economist. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production
(20) process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and
(25) distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the
(30) production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.
(35) The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial
(40) skiIIs, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall
(45) under the general heading of labor.
The skills of all the following could be considered examples of labor, as defined in the passage, EXCEPT …
a. (A) artists and scientists
[Jawaban Salah]
b. (B) workers who produce services, not goods
[Jawaban Salah]
c. (C) office workers
[Jawaban Salah]
d. (D) entrepreneurs
[Jawaban Benar]
Demikian Kumpulan Soal TOEFL 2C | Soal Toefl dan Pembahasan Sederajat dengan Kunci Jawaban, Semangat Sob
